Use Ethereal

Ethereal is an excellent and free third-party tool useful if you wish to examine the data that your PC is sending, at the TCP/IP level (across the Ethernet). It is often referred to as a 'sniffer'. Ethereal is not a DrayTek produced or supported product but we provide some installation documentation as a courtesy here.

Ethereal will capture data packets coming in and out of your PC and is therefore very useful to an engineer for diagnosing problems, or improving compatibility with specifical applications. Although these instructions looks long and complicated, the program is actually very easy to use and reasonably intuitive, though we would not recommend Ethereal for novices.

1. Download the WinPCap utility from here
2. Download Ethereal for Windows 98/Me/XP/2k from here.
3. Load the program by double clicking the dekstop icon :
   
4. The main program window will appear, similar to this :
   
5. Select Capture and Start (or press Ctrl-K):
   
6. If you get the following error, you must firstly install the WinPCap driver (see earlier) :
   
7. After selecting 'Capture' this screen will appear :
   
   Ensure that all of the buttons in the Name Resolution section are NOT selected (i.e. they should not be depressed).
8. In the filename box, enter a suitable filename for the capture file. It is this file which you will examine later, or send to your support contact, so give it a name that is fairly unique, not something too generic like "log.txt":
   
9. Ensure that there is no other Ethernet/Internet activity running on your PC, such as a download; such activity will add unnecessary data to the log we're about to make.
10. Click the OK button and capture will commence; the following window will appear on your screen to show that capure is in progress :
    
11. Now, leaving Ethereal running, you should now immediately carry out the function/process that you are trying to diagnose. For example, if it is a VPN client connection, try the connection.
12. Once the process under examination/test has completed, go back to Ethereal and in the status window, click :
    
13. Depending on how much data it captures, Ethereal will take a few seconds to collate the information. Once ready, your Ethereal window will be filled with data, something like this :
    
14. You can now close Ethereal and examine the data it captured which will have been saved to the filename you selected earlier. If you have been asked for send that capture to someone, it's the same file you should send.

Telnet diagnostic logs

When analysing a problem, or simply trying to learn more about your router, it is sometimes useful to produce or view logs that the router can produce. These are several types of log, and they are all accessed via the Telnet interface (for information on accessing the Telnet interface,

The commands vary with each router, but these are the general ones :

• log -c (Call log - shows call/login attempts for Internet and VPN)
• log -i (ISDN Log - D/B channel activity)
• log -p (PPP Log)
• log -wt (WAN Log)
• log -f (Filter Log - Data/Call Filter information)

The logging function runs continuously (you do not need to enable it specifically) so it will contain a lot of data after a while. If you want to log a specific event, you should flush (clear) the logs before you initiate that event. Do this with the command log -F a

The most commonly used log is the call log (log -c), which will show any problems with logging in to your ISP or a VPN login error, for example if you had your username or password wrong (for an ISP that is normally indicated by the message "CHAP Login Failed". The example below shows the call log of a router which has logged into the ISP successfully (on ADSL) and then a teleworker has dialled into the router:

The next example log shown shows a successful call on an ISDN Router (e.g. Vigor2800i), and you can determine some useful formation from it. You can see that it dials twice, and gets a busy signal twice, then on the third attempt, it connects to the ISP, the authentication goes through and then a couple of minutes later, the call is cleared due to inactivity. You can also see whose PC triggered the call – in this case it was 192.168.0.2 which happens to be a local mail server:

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How do I open a Telnet session to the router ?

The Web User Interface (WUI) is your normal method for configuring and checking status of the router. The Telnet interface is a 'command line' type interface which gives a prompt at which you enter commands line by line, according to command syntax. The scrolling display method is ideal for longer diagnostic log output compared to fixed pages of the WUI.

Although WindowsXP/2000 has a default simple Telnet program, it is 'DOS/Console' based, which makes capturing of output difficult (for example to send logs to an engineer). We therefore recommend using the Windows Hyperterminal program instead, which is standard in Windows. Run it from the Start Menu:

When the program loads, select TCP/IP like this :

  

The Telnet session should start and once past the router password, you can enter your required commands, for example 'sys ver' displays the router's firmware version:

A text capture will store all of your session to a text file which you can view later, or send to an engineer for analysis. Start a text capture from the menu:

At the end of your session, select 'Stop Capture' from the same menu or just exit Hyperterminal to stop the text capture.

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In Windows 95/98/ME the default Telnet program can be used instead. Press the Start button, then Run, then enter TELNET.EXE 192.168.1.1 (assuming that's the router's IP address) and the telnet program will open.

For other operating systems, suitable Telnet programs are either included or available on the Internet as free downloads.

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Using Hyperterminal for Console (RS232) connections

This applies to the Vigor2000 only.

The Vigor2000 router has a console (RS232/serial) port which can be used to communicate with the router, upgrade firmware etc. To access it, use the GREY cable into the console port and a COM/Serial port on your PC. The Vigor2200 range does not have a console port.

From the Windows START button, go to Programs/Accessories/Communications and locate the windows Hyperterminal mail program :

Double click on the icon to start the program and you should see a series of setup screens as follows :

 

Select "Direct to Com X" where ‘X’ is the COM port you’re using on the PC and select 115200 bps for the serial speed. When all is well, the Vigor console menu will appear :

Using Telnet

How do I produce Telnet diagnostic logs ?

When analysing a problem, or simply trying to learn more about your router, it is sometimes useful to produce or view logs that the router can produce. These are several types of log, and they are all accessed via the Telnet interface (for information on accessing the Telnet interface,

The commands vary with each router, but these are the general ones :

• log -c (Call log - shows call/login attempts for Internet and VPN)
• log -i (ISDN Log - D/B channel activity)
• log -p (PPP Log)
• log -wt (WAN Log)
• log -f (Filter Log - Data/Call Filter information)

The logging function runs continuously (you do not need to enable it specifically) so it will contain a lot of data after a while. If you want to log a specific event, you should flush (clear) the logs before you initiate that event. Do this with the command log -F a

The most commonly used log is the call log (log -c), which will show any problems with logging in to your ISP or a VPN login error, for example if you had your username or password wrong (for an ISP that is normally indicated by the message "CHAP Login Failed". The example below shows the call log of a router which has logged into the ISP successfully (on ADSL) and then a teleworker has dialled into the router:

The next example log shown shows a successful call on an ISDN Router (e.g. Vigor2800i), and you can determine some useful formation from it. You can see that it dials twice, and gets a busy signal twice, then on the third attempt, it connects to the ISP, the authentication goes through and then a couple of minutes later, the call is cleared due to inactivity. You can also see whose PC triggered the call – in this case it was 192.168.0.2 which happens to be a local mail server:

---

How do I open a Telnet session to the router ?

The Web User Interface (WUI) is your normal method for configuring and checking status of the router. The Telnet interface is a 'command line' type interface which gives a prompt at which you enter commands line by line, according to command syntax. The scrolling display method is ideal for longer diagnostic log output compared to fixed pages of the WUI.

Although WindowsXP/2000 has a default simple Telnet program, it is 'DOS/Console' based, which makes capturing of output difficult (for example to send logs to an engineer). We therefore recommend using the Windows Hyperterminal program instead, which is standard in Windows. Run it from the Start Menu:

When the program loads, select TCP/IP like this :

  

The Telnet session should start and once past the router password, you can enter your required commands, for example 'sys ver' displays the router's firmware version:

A text capture will store all of your session to a text file which you can view later, or send to an engineer for analysis. Start a text capture from the menu:

At the end of your session, select 'Stop Capture' from the same menu or just exit Hyperterminal to stop the text capture.

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In Windows 95/98/ME the default Telnet program can be used instead. Press the Start button, then Run, then enter TELNET.EXE 192.168.1.1 (assuming that's the router's IP address) and the telnet program will open.

For other operating systems, suitable Telnet programs are either included or available on the Internet as free downloads.

---

Using Hyperterminal for Console (RS232) connections

This applies to the Vigor2000 only.

The Vigor2000 router has a console (RS232/serial) port which can be used to communicate with the router, upgrade firmware etc. To access it, use the GREY cable into the console port and a COM/Serial port on your PC. The Vigor2200 range does not have a console port.

From the Windows START button, go to Programs/Accessories/Communications and locate the windows Hyperterminal mail program :

Double click on the icon to start the program and you should see a series of setup screens as follows :

 

Select "Direct to Com X" where ‘X’ is the COM port you’re using on the PC and select 115200 bps for the serial speed. When all is well, the Vigor console menu will appear :

 

To enable Telnet follow these steps:

1. Click the Windows Start button
2. Seelct Control Panel
3. Select Programs or the Programs and Features icon
4. Select Turn Windows Features On or Off
5. In the Windows Features box, locate 'Telnet' in the list, enable it, and click 'OK'.

The Telnet utility will now be available from Windows Vista.